SWA on DC side of PV system

I have been out and about doing my 2346 experienced worker assessments and touched base with some relatively large PV roof installations. Peaked my interest in these systems greatly! I was about to ask about the use of SWA multicore on the DC side when I was directed to GK’s excellent video presentation on the introduction of the current COP which looked like it was given at an IET presentation at some electrical event. The caution about using SWA cables seemed to perplex a couple of guys at the front. Perhaps they were diligent installers who had noted the acknowledgment about SWA being a suitable wiring system in the previous COP.

My take from what GK said and what is says in 7671 is that SWA is not a suitable wiring system for the DC side of PV systems. I have noted that in the several systems I have visited, all of which are no more than a few months old, almost exclusive use of SWA on the roof.

One installation underway at the moment has almost 1Mwp on the roof of a large warehouse. Multicore swa runs from the combiner boxes on the roof to the optimisers are up to 200m in places. Everything very neatly installed. Do you think this is just a technical breach of 7671 or is there a clear worry about insulation breakdown, perhaps as a result of water ingress into the jacket? After all, SWA is often used in the most arduous conditions outdoors.

  • Update on my previous reply. It seems that the mppt input and output negative terminals are tied together, so PV negative is effectively earthed to the battery negative and installation MET.

  • The PV array has string fuses. So given that the mppt controller does not galvanically isolate the PV from the battery, the negative of the PV will be earth referenced.  Given this scenario, would you consider SWA a permitted cable for from the array to the inverter?

    BS 7671 still requires double or reinforced insulation on the DC side. There are a number of reasons for this.

    The negative of the PV array will only be earth referenced until the system is partly disconnected for maintenance, and the array cannot be switched off.

  • The regs advise against earthing the negative side of the PV, but unless there is electrical separation between the input and output of the mppt controller this cannot be guaranteed with the battery negative earthed as required by the manufacturer.

    If the DC side is earthed, mid-point earthing is usually adopted; however, I'm not familiar with the particular system.

  • I need 25mm to avoid excessive volt drop

    Blimey - what sort of distances are we talking about?

       - Andy.

  • I'm not familiar with the particular system.

    you might like this for a bit of bedtime reading.... https://www.victronenergy.com/upload/documents/The_Wiring_Unlimited_book/43562-Wiring_Unlimited-pdf-en.pdf (esp. section 7.7)

       - Andy.

  • Thank you Andrew.

    It would be much easier if the document fully aligned to either IEC 60364 series (like BS 7671) or the NEC (NFPA 70) ... combined guidance for both is not easy

  •  Better late than never… a great article from Wiring Matters on this exact subject.  electrical.theiet.org/.../

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