An AI-monitoring system that can track passenger numbers on trains to prevent overcrowding has been developed by Loughborough University computer scientists.

The technology uses depth-sensing cameras and onboard AI to monitor passenger numbers and movement throughout the network. Rather than recording conventional video footage, it captures depth information only, allowing passenger flow to be monitored without identifying individuals.

The researchers, who worked with rail technology company TrainFX on the technology, said the system could help operators better manage capacity, improve passenger information and reduce overcrowding across the network.

Currently, operators often rely on delayed or incomplete data, meaning some carriages become overcrowded while others still have space available. The AI system is capable of estimating how crowded each train carriage is in real-time, even during busy rush-hour periods and in low-light conditions.

“This collaboration shows how responsible AI...