The Privacy Shield is a European Union-United States data transfer framework that aims to ease European concerns regarding US surveillance practices.
The framework is expected to end the limbo in which thousands of companies found themselves after the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) struck down the two previous pacts over doubts regarding the safety of EU citizens' data that tech companies store in the US.
The agreement is set to soften the friction between the European Union's stringent data privacy rules and the comparatively lax regime in the US, which lacks a federal privacy law.
The White House said "transatlantic data flows are critical to enabling the $7.1tn (£6.4tn) EU-US economic relationship" and the framework "will restore an important legal basis for transatlantic data flows."
It added that Biden's order bolstered current "privacy and civil liberties safeguards" for US intelligence gathering and...