Digital interventions typically require patients to log in to a software program, website or app to read, watch, listen to and interact with content structured as a series of modules or lessons.

Individuals often receive homework assignments relating to the modules and regularly complete digitally administered questionnaires relevant to their presenting problems.

This allows clinicians to monitor patients’ progress and outcomes in cases where digital interventions include human support.

The study’s lead author, Isaac Moshe from the University of Helsinki, said: “Given the accelerated adoption of digital interventions, it is both timely and important to ask to what extent digital interventions are effective in the treatment of depression, whether they may provide viable alternatives to face-to-face psychotherapy beyond the lab and what are the key factors that moderate outcomes.”

Moshe added: “Digital interventions have been proposed as a way of meeting...