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The highly efficient way London taxi drivers plan destinations off the top of their heads has been used as part of a study into the future of AI route-mapping.

London taxi drivers are famous for their knowledge of more than 26,000 streets across the city.

Studies actually show that their brains are different to the average person. They have a larger posterior hippocampus region, which is the part of the brain linked to spatial memory and learning.

This ‘larger’ brain enables them to make sense of a highly complex city such as London and memorise hundreds of journeys and street names to navigate the city.

How exactly a London taxi driver reaches a destination was the subject of a recent study by researchers at the University of York, in collaboration with University College London and the Champalimaud Foundation, a private biomedical research foundation.

Dr Pablo Fernandez Velasco, British Academy postdoctoral fellow at the University of York, said: “London is incredibly complex, so planning...