IBM’s quantum computer has a layered chandelier-like structure, called a dilution refrigerator. Qubits have to be cooled in stages, so each layer represents a stage. The wires carry microwave pulses into the chip to control the qubits.

Image credit: Graham Carlow for IBM
IBM Quantum System Two, currently under development at IBM’s Thomas J Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, is designed to be modular and flexible, and will be a building block of quantum-centric supercomputing.

Image credit: IBM
The IBM Osprey 433-qubit processor has the potential to run computations well beyond the capability of any classical...