In a new report, the body found that there was just 39 per cent compliance across the capital in February 2017 when the mayor of London Sadiq Khan confirmed the introduction of the Toxicity Charge as a stepping stone towards the ULEZ.

That figure has now risen 95 per cent across both inner and outer London. The number of older, more polluting non-compliant vehicles seen driving in London on an average day has decreased by 77,000 compared to June 2023 – a reduction of 45 per cent.

In outer London there has been a 10 percentage point increase in compliance since the launch of the consultation to expand the ULEZ across all London boroughs, the report also found.

ULEZ was originally announced under the previous mayor Boris Johnson in March 2015 with a proposed introduction in September 2020. Khan subsequently brought this forward to April 2019 when he came into office. It was designed to tackle harmful pollutants such as nitrogen oxide and particulates that...