The move is part of efforts to shift towards a net-zero emissions economy by 2050, it said.

“America’s industrial sector serves as the engine of the US economy, producing many of the products we rely on every day, but also produces a significant amount of the nation’s carbon emissions,” said US energy secretary Jennifer M Granholm.

“These projects funded by President Biden’s Investing in American agenda will slash industrial emissions and accelerate next-generation technologies for a clean energy future that’s made in America.”

The US industrial sector accounts for one-third of all energy-related domestic greenhouse gas emissions and is among the most difficult to decarbonise.

The DOE has funded 40 projects that will be led by 36 different universities, national laboratories and companies spread across 21 states.

The projects will support research, development and pilot-scale demonstrations to reduce energy usage and emissions, which account for over...