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SpaceX launches international crew to ISS in scientific mission

Nasa's SpaceX Crew-6 mission lifted off at 12:34am EST (05:34am GMT) from the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida. The mission has seen the arrival of the first person of Arab origin intending to stay for an extended time in the ISS, as part of a six-month-long science mission that will study microgravity. UAE's first-ever astronaut launched to orbit in 2019 aboard a Russian spacecraft. The SpaceX launch vehicle consisted of a Falcon 9 rocket topped with an autonomously operated Crew Dragon capsule called Endeavour. Onboard were Nasa's retired Navy submariner Stephen Bowen and Woody Hoburg, the United Arab Emirates' Sultan Al Neyadi, and Russian cosmonaut Andrey Fedyaev. Fedyaev is the second cosmonaut to fly aboard an American spacecraft under a renewed ride-sharing deal…

E+T Magazine in Space
View from India: When digitisation and diversity go hand in hand

If we view the organisation as a pyramid, generally gender diversity tends to be represented in the middle layer. The top layer could have fewer female representatives than the middle one and, coming to the bottom layer, it’s very rare to find female employees there also. So when Wabtec Corporation offered a tour of its vertically integrated multimodal factory, it was surprising to find women working in the manufacturing unit. Dressed in a pair of jeans and a T-shirt, they seemed comfortable carrying out the various production tasks. To think of it, the shop floor is a labour-intensive male-dominated segment of any manufacturing unit. However, companies are beginning to employ women. Their inclusion brings diversity into the workforce. Women assemble, sort and package products for distribution…

E+T Magazine
India tops table of countries experiencing politically motivated internet outages

According to Access Now, authorities shut down the internet across 35 countries at least 187 times. It described the protracted shutdowns as “maliciously targeted” attacks on human rights that were deployed to wipe out democratic movements, crush people power and provide cover for violence. Leaders in Myanmar and Ethiopia were found to be already replicating these tactics in 2023. “Governments wield internet shutdowns as weapons of control and shields of impunity,” said Felicia Anthonio, campaign manager at Access Now. “In 2022, under authoritarian regimes and in democracies, powermongers accelerated their use of these callous tactics, disrupting the internet to fuel their agendas of oppression; manipulating narratives, silencing voices and ensuring cover for their own acts of violence…

E+T Magazine
AI tool helps pick the perfect organs for transplant

A project that uses AI to help match organ donors with recipients has received £1m in funding from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). The new method uses AI and its "memory" of tens of thousands of images of donor organs to identify those that offer the best chance of transplant success. Currently, surgeons examine donor organs and assess their suitability. However, using AI for this process could help NHS surgeons perform 300 more transplant surgeries every year, experts have said. The team behind the technology, known as OrQA – 'Organ Quality Assessment' – said it could result in up to 200 more patients receiving kidney transplants and 100 more receiving liver transplants every year in the UK. “We are developing a deep machine-learning algorithm which will…

E+T Magazine in Medical Diagnostics
Biden’s requirements to chip makers winning funding raise industry questions

The Biden administration has released its plans to begin accepting applications in late June for its silicon manufacturing subsidy programme, including requirements for companies to share excess profits and explain how they plan to provide affordable childcare. Companies winning funding are also prohibited from using the 'Chips and Science' funds for dividends or stock buybacks, and must provide details of any plans to buy back their own shares over five years. Although no companies have said they would scrap expansion plans to build in the US, industry sources told Reuters that the unexpected provisions make the funds less attractive. The most contentious part of the conditions seems to be the profit-sharing requirements, which would mean each company would have to negotiate separate…

E+T Magazine in Semiconductor Technology
‘Ultra-early’ wildfire detection network installed in Spanish forests

Dryad Networks has developed a wireless network of environmental, solar-powered gas sensors, based on the open standard for long-range IoT networks. Its distributed architecture enables large-scale deployment in areas without network coverage and the data collected on the network is processed by machine-learning tools embedded within the sensor and cloud-based data tools for analysis, monitoring and alerting. Dryad’s wireless sensor network will operate deep within forest environments, where the impacts of climate change are more difficult to monitor. The installation is intended to reduce the percentage of area devastated by fire, which according to the European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS) rose in Spain to almost 310,000 hectares in the last year. With its deep experience in…

E+T Magazine in Electromagnetic Devices
Immersive tech to help improve F1 sim racing performance

The series of announcements were revealed at the Alpine Esports Sim Racing Expo at its F1 factory in Oxfordshire, attended by E&T. It showcased each product, discussed the state of the sim racing industry, which is forecast to be worth over $13bn by 2026, and outlined Alpine Esports’ ambitions for 2023 and beyond. “Sim racing is an important part of Alpine’s DNA,” Guillaume Vergnas, head of Esports, Gaming & Web3 at Alpine, said during the expo. “We see the crossover between real-world racing and sim racing continue to blur where it can support how we conduct testing of our cars, providing us with realistic data.” Vergnas added that the immersive technology could also allow the team to better engage with new audiences. “Our line-up of partners allows us to support our competitive ambitions…

E+T Magazine in Research and Innovation
Banks’ finance for clean energy still lags behind fossil fuels, report says

Several climate scenarios suggest that to limit global temperature rises to 1.5°C above the pre-industrial average, the world needs to be investing $4 in renewable energy for every $1 invested in fossil fuels by 2030. Energy analysts BloombergNEF compiled data from 1,142 banks for what it calls an 'Energy Supply Banking Ratio' to assess whether banks are aligning their financing to the real economy and the 1.5°C target. In 2021, bank financing for energy supply totalled $1.9tn, just over $1tn of which went to fossil fuels and $842bn to low-carbon energy projects and companies, according to the report. The bank financing ratio, of 81 cents to $1, was below the global energy supply investment ratio of 90 cents to $1. The latter ratio has been climbing in recent years from around 0.45:1…

E+T Magazine in Renewable Energy
‘Biocomputers’ could be developed within our lifetime, scientists say

The Johns Hopkins research team has outlined their plan for the development of a 'biocomputer' that could create faster, more efficient, and more powerful computers. They called this type of technology "organoid intelligence" (OI), as it is powered by living human brain cells. "Computing and artificial intelligence have been driving the technology revolution, but they are reaching a ceiling," said Thomas Hartung , the leader of the research team. "Biocomputing is an enormous effort of compacting computational power and increasing its efficiency to push past our current technological limits." Organoids are three-dimensional clumps of biological tissue that scientists have been growing and experimenting with for years, to avoid resorting to human or animal testing. However, Hartung…

E+T Magazine in Biotechnology
No long-term plan for decarbonising UK power sector risks 2035 goal, warns NAO

Under current proposals, by 2035 all electricity is expected to be generated using clean sources by phasing out gas-fired power stations in favour of wind, solar and nuclear power. But the NAO warned that the UK’s net-zero strategy predicts a 60 per cent increase in electricity demand − due to modes of transport and heating in buildings switching to electricity from fossil fuels – which could make it more difficult to fully decarbonise. Last month, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak split the department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) into two, which included the creation of the Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) department. The original plan was for the BEIS to draw up a clear pathway to decarbonisation by 2035 by October 2022 at the latest. But the department was forced…

E+T Magazine in Climate Change
Digital treatments for depression conditionally approved by NHS body

Eight digital therapies have been “conditionally recommended” by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) while further evidence is generated. One in six people in the UK report experiencing a common mental health problem such as anxiety and depression in any given week, according to NHS Digital. The high demand for NHS talking therapies means that some people currently have to wait up to six weeks to access help. Six technologies were conditionally recommended for helping adults with anxiety disorders. The Perspectives app was approved for those suffering from body dysmorphic disorder. For depression, the committee conditionally recommended the use of three online CBT programmes – Beating the Blues, Deprexis, and Space from Depression (Silvercloud) – as treatment…

E+T Magazine in Computing
Book review: ‘Collision: Stories from the Science of CERN’

CERN is a centre of exciting intellectual activity, so – as the introduction to ‘Collision’ asks – why should that stop with the sciences? Why shouldn’t its discoveries also inspire work in the non-scientific disciplines? The answer is, of course, that it shouldn’t. ‘Collision: Stories from the Science of CERN’ (Comma Press, £9.99, ISBN 9781912697687) was produced by pairing up esteemed authors with esteemed CERN scientists to explore ideas being investigated at the Large Hadron Collider, the world’s largest experiment. The authors were provided with a list of themes suggested by the scientists, took their pick, and each wrote a story inspired by their chosen theme. After the story was completed, the corresponding scientist wrote an afterword expanding on the scientific background. The collection…

E+T Magazine
Net-zero flying would require using half of the UK's agricultural land

Scientists have not been able to find a single clear alternative to jet fuel that would help the aviation industry achieve net zero. Currently, the UK aviation sector consumes 12.3 million tonnes of jet fuel a year and produces 8 per cent of the country's greenhouse gas emissions. However, it is considered a hard-to-abate sector due to a lack of technologically mature alternatives to jet-fuelled engines. Made from waste materials or by-products such as household waste, industrial gases or used cooking oil, SAFs have often been considered as the most efficient option, as they can achieve greenhouse gas emissions savings of more than 70 per cent compared to conventional fossil jet fuels. Nonetheless, the authors of a report published by the Royal Society have found that replacing jet…

E+T Magazine in Renewable Energy
Brexit agreement ‘good news’ for UK membership of Horizon Europe

The debate over the UK's long-delayed request to join the EU’s flagship research programme, post-Brexit, has seemingly been solved by a new UK-EU agreement. European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen said work on associating the UK to the EU’s Horizon Europe research programme will start “immediately” once the wider deal between Brussels and London over the Northern Ireland protocol is implemented. The deal, dubbed the 'Windsor Framework', was hailed as a “decisive breakthrough” in post-Brexit rules by UK prime minister Rishi Sunak. Sunak said the agreement would open "a new chapter" in the UK's relations with the European Union, which have been frosty over the past year due to the row over the Northern Ireland Protocol. The Windsor Framework is expected to remove trade barriers…

E+T Magazine in Research and Innovation
Norway’s Seed Vault acquires 20,000 new samples as climate pressure mounts

20 depositors, including those with seed collections from Albania, Croatia, North Macedonia and Benin, took the trip to the Svalbard Global Seed Vault this week. The Seed Vault is a secure backup facility designed to provide long-term storage of duplicates of seeds conserved in gene banks around the world. Since it opened in 2008, the Seed Vault has been steadily collecting seeds and now holds over 1.2 million distinct crop samples, representing more than 13,000 years of agricultural history. In total, the Vault holds over 20 million individual seeds. The Vault is set 120m inside an Arctic mountainside on the remote Spitsbergen Island, off the coast of Norway. The latest deposit includes 290 samples of maize, wheat and beans from the Institute of Plant Genetic Resources of Albania and…

E+T Magazine in Climate Change
Solar radiation modification a potential climate solution, but more research needed

The report by the panel finds that SRM is not yet ready for large-scale deployment to cool the Earth. The Panel says it is no substitute for a rapid reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, which must remain the global priority. Emergency temporary measures such as SRM are being raised in scientific and public discourse since global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions are not on track to meet the 1.5°C Paris Agreement goal. Climate change continues to worsen, with some of its impacts already irreversible. SRM aims to cool the Earth rapidly by reflecting a small percentage of sunlight back into space. While some SRM technologies, such as Stratospheric Aerosol Injection, are more mature and outdoor experiments are being actively pursued, the review finds critical unresolved issues overall…

E+T Magazine in Research and Innovation
Bacteria used to extract rare earth elements from wastewater

REEs are a group of 17 chemically similar metals which got their name because they typically occur at low concentrations (between 0.5 and 67 parts per million) within the Earth’s crust. Indispensable in modern technology – featuring in light-emitting diodes, mobile phones, electric motors, wind turbines, hard disks, cameras, magnets and low-energy lightbulbs, for example – the demand for REEs has increased steadily over the past few decades, and is predicted to rise further by 2030. Due to their rarity and high demand, they have become very expensive. A kilogram of neodymium oxide, for instance, currently costs approximately £175, while the same amount of terbium oxide costs approximately £3,350. China currently has a near-monopoly on the mining of REEs, although the discovery of promising…

E+T Magazine in Water Supply
UK and US hail commitment to delivering energy independence for Britain

UK energy security secretary Grant Shapps met his US counterpart in London and committed the UK to greater energy independence through nuclear and renewables. Shapps and the US energy secretary Jennifer Granholm said Russian President Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine has shown the need to accelerate the move away from fossil fuel dependence. Shapps pledged this would mean ever greater energy independence – powering Britain from Britain by switching to home-grown sources including nuclear and renewables. “Secretary Granholm and I stand shoulder to shoulder in our unending support for Ukraine and in ensuring that neither Putin nor any tyrant ever think they can hold the world to ransom through their energy supply," he said. “The war has shown the UK, the US and countries the world…

E+T Magazine in Nuclear Power
MWC round-up: 3D screens return, foldable phone competition heats up

Honor This year’s major keynote from Honor saw the Chinese firm unveil a raft of new smartphones as it distances itself from former parent company Huawei after the two split in 2020 following a US trade embargo . With smartphone development cycles typically lasting at least 18 months, this year’s devices represent a shift away from Huawei’s design philosophies. The Honor Magic Vs is Honor’s stab at competing with the likes of Samsung’s Galaxy Fold, which has largely dominated the nascent foldable phone market in the West until now. The device features a screen on the outside – akin to a typical smartphone experience – and a larger, tablet-like screen on the inside once opened. Image credit: Jack Loughran While clearly taking inspiration from the Fold, the…

E+T Magazine in Telecommunications
Qualcomm phones to incorporate satellite-based messaging features

Qualcomm revealed it is working with a group of Android smartphone companies to add satellite-based messaging capabilities to their devices. The California-based company, which is the world's biggest supplier of chips that connect mobile phones to wireless data networks, said it is working with Honor, Lenovo-owned Motorola, Nothing, OPPO, Vivo and Xiaomi Corp to develop the devices. However, manufacturers didn’t provide details about what devices will first have these features and when the companies would launch them. Qualcomm unveiled its Snapdragon Satellite tech in partnership with satellite service provider Iridium at the CES consumer technology show in January this year. The solution is expected to allow smartphone users to text from remote locations where other telecommunications…

E+T Magazine in Satellites
Welcome to the Angstrom Age

I used to joke that we’d run out nanometres before we run out of Moore’s Law. Well, it’s happened. Now we’re in the Angstrom Age, apparently. Yet the dimensions that determine logic density remain at least an order of magnitude larger than 1nm and are likely to stay this way for a while, possibly for good. At the International Solid State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) last week, AMD CEO Lisa Su pointed to how increasing cost and slowing progress in physical scaling is changing not how they design their processors but the architecture of the high-performance computers some of them go into. To some extent the metric has gone back to performance rather than scaling, in much the same fashion as the end of the 1990s when Intel used Moore’s Law as a proxy for speed and not just logic density. …

E+T Magazine in Electronics Design
UK drivers at risk of losing £9bn from electric vehicle savings

The report from the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit (ECIU) warns of the risk that slower roll-out of new EVs could reduce the size of the second-hand market, and force low-income drivers to pay more to continue running petrol cars. The ECIU is calling on the government to increase its proposed level for the incoming zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) mandate to avoid this scenario. The ZEV mandate will require UK manufacturers to increase the proportion of new zero-emission cars and vans they sell in the UK. The proportion has currently been set at 22 per cent for 2024, rising each year until 2035, when 100 per cent of sales must be zero emission. However, this plan is set to lead to 2.1 million fewer used small and mid-sized EVs being placed on sale by 2033, compared with a scenario…

E+T Magazine in Power Conversion
Tiny climbing robot inspired by geckos and inchworms

The new untethered soft robot, developed by engineers at the University of Waterloo in Canada, utilises ultraviolet (UV) light and magnetic force to move on any surface, even up walls and across ceilings. It is the first soft robot of its kind that doesn't require connection to an external power supply, enabling remote operation and versatility for potential applications such as assisting surgeons and searching otherwise inaccessible places. “This work is the first time a holistic soft robot has climbed on inverted surfaces, advancing state-of-the-art soft robotics innovation,” said Dr Boxin Zhao, a professor of chemical engineering. “We are optimistic about its potential, with much more development, in several different fields.” Constructed from a smart material, the robot - dubbed the…

E+T Magazine in Biotechnology
Britishvolt acquired by Australian start-up Recharge

Australian start-up Recharge Industries has bought the defunct battery maker Britishvolt out of administration for an undisclosed amount. The British appointed administrators at EY and made the majority of its 300 staff redundant in late January, after failing to raise enough cash for its research and the development of its manufacturing site. The company was founded in 2019 and had ambitions of building a £4bn battery plant in Cambois, outside Blyth in north-east England, where it had hoped to employ up to 3,000 workers. Britishvolt has now been acquired by Recharge Industries, an Australian start-up with little manufacturing experience founded in 2022. The firm is owned and run by a New York-based investment fund called Scale Facilitation. "What we are bringing is validated technology…

E+T Magazine in Power Conversion

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