In the past, microcontrollers mostly contained simple input and output mechanisms, memory and processing unit. Over the years, not only did memory increase significantly and clock speed increased, but many components that were once realized in a separate external component were added. In addition, different technologies have been added to assist the controller, and various communication interfaces. All of these are realized today on the same piece of silicon (system on chip). It comes down to reviewing many of the technologies that can be found in microcontrollers today.
In the past, microcontrollers mostly contained simple input and output mechanisms, memory and processing unit. Over the years, not only did memory increase significantly and clock speed increased, but many components that were once realized in a separate external component were added. In addition, different technologies have been added to assist the controller, and various communication interfaces. All of these are realized today on the same piece of silicon (system on chip). It comes down to reviewing many of the technologies that can be found in microcontrollers today.