In some countries there is area pulsed switching on the 11kV network that can turn off a ripple relay on the consumers immersion water heater and storage heaters circuits. If you accept this inconvenience you get a reduced rate of around 25% on the unit cost..
The utility guarantees the heaters will be on for at least 8 hours per 24 hour day but not when. This could well suit distribution network operators as a way of load shedding at peak times although they may prefer to introduce voltage reduction by tap locking the 11kV regulators and then give no discounts as an emergency measure.
In some countries there is area pulsed switching on the 11kV network that can turn off a ripple relay on the consumers immersion water heater and storage heaters circuits. If you accept this inconvenience you get a reduced rate of around 25% on the unit cost..
The utility guarantees the heaters will be on for at least 8 hours per 24 hour day but not when. This could well suit distribution network operators as a way of load shedding at peak times although they may prefer to introduce voltage reduction by tap locking the 11kV regulators and then give no discounts as an emergency measure.
