More on battery hazards

As we have recently been discussing the new PAS for solar/battery type systems, and a lack of know how with DC, elsewhere on this forum

I thought that folk who have the patience, and can tolerate the ads for the tall buildings conference, may find this talk, on the safety or otherwise of battery systems, informative, Some more up to date facts and figures and some spectacular videos of things going wrong.

Certainly sobering stuff.

Mike.

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  • In my opinion, after watching the video provided, I believe It is imperative that battery systems for residential  EESS (I realise the video covers mainly EV) are contained within non-combustible, specialized enclosures. These enclosures must be strategically positioned in external or detached structures to significantly reduce the risk of fire propagation. Furthermore, it should be essential to equip the vicinity of the battery storage area with smoke detection systems. Additionally, the availability of a suitable class of fire extinguisher or even an automated fire suppression system is available in case of an emergency. Do the regulations mandate the presence of clear and conspicuous signage to denote the existence of Energy Storage Systems (EESS) within residential properties ? If not, why? It would serve as a critical measure for safeguarding the emergency response teams, particularly firefighters. The signage should be akin to that of a firefighter’s switch, providing unequivocal notification that battery storage units are installed on the premises. 

  • Where do you draw a line with all this? Energy storage isn't exactly unique to formal EESS - I bet there's a Li-Ion battery in your laptop or phone.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jTbUP0sGQT8
    I've even had a case of a TV remote control becoming too hot to touch because one of the AA cells dislodged and shorted (one of those modern designs of cells where the case was +ve and the -ve contact was insulated from the case, rather than the other way around - the -ve spring contact shorted between case and -ve contact).

    At some point the functionality/convenience is worth the risk.

      - Andy.

  • At some point the functionality/convenience is worth the risk.

    That is a good point.

    One problem when addressing risks is risk perception.

    So, for example, GLS lamp holders often provide no protection against contact with live mains with the lamp removed (although some products include a switch to disconnect the contacts this is not mandatory in safety standards). Products with lamp holders may be accessible, even to children (e.g. table lamps).

    Yet on the other hand we won't accept socket-outlets without shutters in a domestic (or educational/nursery) setting, and there have, in the past, been drives to put additional "socket-outlet" covers in educational and nursery settings (totally unnecessary and potentially more dangerous for BS 1363 standard UK socket-outlets).

    I think at the moment it's quite easy for people to tend towards batteries being in the "high perceived danger" category, and it might well be the issues with Li-Ion batteries hitting the media.

  • One problem when addressing risks is risk perception.

    Indeed. It would be useful to be able to put some numbers to things. Many reported Li-ion fires feel to be attributed to things with allegedly poor battery managements (e-scooters etc) - whereas devices with reputable manufacturer's BMS built-in (e.g. laptops) feel to be less susceptible (if not tampered with for the purpose of making you-tube videos). Impact is presumably manageable by placement or mechanical protection.

    How large are the hazards from an otherwise safe battery being caught up in a house fire stared elsewhere? Presumably most of the time the building will have already been evacuated, and while the effects might be spectacular in the short term, how much extra energy is really added? I suspect there's more energy released from the burning of timber staircase (my rule of thumb for firewood is 1kWh/kg) than contained in a typical domestic EESS.

       - Andy.

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  • One problem when addressing risks is risk perception.

    Indeed. It would be useful to be able to put some numbers to things. Many reported Li-ion fires feel to be attributed to things with allegedly poor battery managements (e-scooters etc) - whereas devices with reputable manufacturer's BMS built-in (e.g. laptops) feel to be less susceptible (if not tampered with for the purpose of making you-tube videos). Impact is presumably manageable by placement or mechanical protection.

    How large are the hazards from an otherwise safe battery being caught up in a house fire stared elsewhere? Presumably most of the time the building will have already been evacuated, and while the effects might be spectacular in the short term, how much extra energy is really added? I suspect there's more energy released from the burning of timber staircase (my rule of thumb for firewood is 1kWh/kg) than contained in a typical domestic EESS.

       - Andy.

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