Solar panel supply

Short circuit current of a solar cell is not quite like anything else.

The solar panels are just long chains of photo-diodes, albeit rather large area ones, so very slow compared to rectifiers. And diode-like they have a highly non-linear current voltage characteristic, that depends on the light level. In the region near the PN junction,  each photon that is absorbed liberates a hole- electron pair that whizz off to the electrodes to be the load current, and 1 pair per second is 1.6 E-19 of an amp - so you need a lot of photons. (hence the large area - to scale this to human experience, a twinkling but weak star is about 10 photons/second through the eye, which is a few square mm of pupil area). Note that less than a quarter of the photons are absorbed in a place where electricity is generated, some reflect and many get lost in the substrate and just warm it up.

At low loads, where the number of photons absorbed is more than the current demand,  the cells are almost constant voltage devices, and the current can be increased, up to the point where this is no longer true, and then the voltage collapses.(  A cell in the dark may have the right voltage off-load but is a high resistance - so to avoid one dark cell in the middle of a series chain  due to a badly placed bird deposit, leaves, or shadows  blocking the output of the whole string there are additional anti-parallel bypass diodes around each cell, but this is a refinement, albeit a necessary one.)

So for optimum output the current drawn needs to be increased to just under the point where the volts collapse - so short circuit is iess than 150% of whatever the optimum load would be for that particular level of illumination.  On the AC side of the inverter, if you short it you will get a couple of cycles of high current while reservoir capacitors run down, and then (if there was not grid failure  lock out) the current would drop back to a  level not much more than it was under load. In reality the electronics either blows up or shuts down gracefully depending how well it was designed and how bright the sun is on the day.

Short circuit current of a solar cell is not quite like anything else.

The solar panels are just long chains of photo-diodes, albeit rather large area ones, so very slow compared to rectifiers. And diode-like they have a highly non-linear current voltage characteristic, that depends on the light level. In the region near the PN junction,  each photon that is absorbed liberates a hole- electron pair that whizz off to the electrodes to be the load current, and 1 pair per second is 1.6 E-19 of an amp - so you need a lot of photons. (hence the large area - to scale this to human experience, a twinkling but weak star is about 10 photons/second through the eye, which is a few square mm of pupil area). Note that less than a quarter of the photons are absorbed in a place where electricity is generated, some reflect and many get lost in the substrate and just warm it up.

At low loads, where the number of photons absorbed is more than the current demand,  the cells are almost constant voltage devices, and the current can be increased, up to the point where this is no longer true, and then the voltage collapses.(  A cell in the dark may have the right voltage off-load but is a high resistance - so to avoid one dark cell in the middle of a series chain  due to a badly placed bird deposit, leaves, or shadows  blocking the output of the whole string there are additional anti-parallel bypass diodes around each cell, but this is a refinement, albeit a necessary one.)

So for optimum output the current drawn needs to be increased to just under the point where the volts collapse - so short circuit is iess than 150% of whatever the optimum load would be for that particular level of illumination.  On the AC side of the inverter, if you short it you will get a couple of cycles of high current while reservoir capacitors run down, and then (if there was not grid failure  lock out) the current would drop back to a  level not much more than it was under load. In reality the electronics either blows up or shuts down gracefully depending how well it was designed and how bright the sun is on the day.