Air Sourced Heat Pump.

This is utter madness from many points of view. Let us look at Engineering facts:

1. We can presently manage about 55GW of generation and distribution of electricity. Each house (forget commercial or industrial ones) around 30 million of them has about 1.5 kW of electricity available. This is called supply diversity, it is an average for everyone, which can usually JUST be met. Whether it is from wind or solar or gas makes no difference, this is the amount that can be distributed. The all-electric "Green world" envisaged will need another 100GW of generation (reliable 24/7 for everyone) whether the wind is blowing or the sun shining or not. This will need to be nuclear, there is no other source available (even gas without huge imports), which needs to be another 30 or so nuclear plants the size of Hinckley C to be started today (probably 5 years ago) to meet 2035. Whilst this vast job employs a good percentage of our construction industry we also need to triple the size of electrical distribution systems, which needs three times as many pylons, substations, and most difficult, cables under every occupied street in the land. The cost assuming no price increases due to lack of materials or resources (which is inevitable if another country tries this too) at least £3Trillion. All-electric cars and transport could easily make this another trillion too but, let's leave that for a moment.

2. Then there are heat pumps. These are a problem too because they are not "what it says on the tin" at all. They can give out more heat than the electricity used, BUT the ratio varies directly as the ratio of input/output temperature. They are hopeless at heating water and better at heating air directly. Thus full air conditioning is best but is very difficult to retrofit to houses and needs lots of air ducts and similar. Heating water to radiators is fairly hopeless and very expensive. Very well insulated buildings are needed to cope with perhaps a third of the heat provided by gas boilers, and electricity costs 4-5 times as much as gas too, so your heating WILL cost more. Insulating, air con, etc for a house would cost at least £25k and be ugly once fitted.

3. The cost, presumably to householders, 30 million x £25k = £7.5Trillion.

The total cost £12-15 Trillion, our complete GDP for the next 10 years.

This is an expensive and impossible dream!

Good luck David CEng etc.

This is utter madness from many points of view. Let us look at Engineering facts:

1. We can presently manage about 55GW of generation and distribution of electricity. Each house (forget commercial or industrial ones) around 30 million of them has about 1.5 kW of electricity available. This is called supply diversity, it is an average for everyone, which can usually JUST be met. Whether it is from wind or solar or gas makes no difference, this is the amount that can be distributed. The all-electric "Green world" envisaged will need another 100GW of generation (reliable 24/7 for everyone) whether the wind is blowing or the sun shining or not. This will need to be nuclear, there is no other source available (even gas without huge imports), which needs to be another 30 or so nuclear plants the size of Hinckley C to be started today (probably 5 years ago) to meet 2035. Whilst this vast job employs a good percentage of our construction industry we also need to triple the size of electrical distribution systems, which needs three times as many pylons, substations, and most difficult, cables under every occupied street in the land. The cost assuming no price increases due to lack of materials or resources (which is inevitable if another country tries this too) at least £3Trillion. All-electric cars and transport could easily make this another trillion too but, let's leave that for a moment.

2. Then there are heat pumps. These are a problem too because they are not "what it says on the tin" at all. They can give out more heat than the electricity used, BUT the ratio varies directly as the ratio of input/output temperature. They are hopeless at heating water and better at heating air directly. Thus full air conditioning is best but is very difficult to retrofit to houses and needs lots of air ducts and similar. Heating water to radiators is fairly hopeless and very expensive. Very well insulated buildings are needed to cope with perhaps a third of the heat provided by gas boilers, and electricity costs 4-5 times as much as gas too, so your heating WILL cost more. Insulating, air con, etc for a house would cost at least £25k and be ugly once fitted.

3. The cost, presumably to householders, 30 million x £25k = £7.5Trillion.

The total cost £12-15 Trillion, our complete GDP for the next 10 years.

This is an expensive and impossible dream!

Good luck David CEng etc.