Disconnection times on a system if a stand by generator is used

On a fully designed power distribution system, clearly the fault levels, earth loop impedances and ultimately fuse disconnection times are determined by the system parameters Transformer %Z etc one or two in parallel for min and max fault levels levels. What needs to be considered when bringing on a stand-by generator, clearly all Fault levels, Earth loop impedances and consequently fuse disconnection times would change because of the Generator parameters. How would you design in these new parameters, bearing in mind that disconnection times on a large system may no longer be achievable 

  • For the purposes of sizing the breakers, or rather their breaking capacity or frame size,  assume the PSSC may be as high as that of  the street supply or local transformer - as the 'on mains' case clearly gives the higher current. In the usual way the currentand  energy limiting effect of fuses may be beneficial in relaxing the size of down stream breakers to 10kA or 6kA types.

    However, for the purpose of earth fault trip times and ADS, you will need the lowest fault current case, and that is genset, so then assume that Zs may be as high as the phase voltage divided by about twice the genset full load current, or if you prefer to think that way that the PSC may as low as  200% of genset rating when it is the power source. There is no equivalent energy limiting benefit from the death or glory fuse, on genset as it will most likely never operate. Set your earth trips accordingly, As an example, but  not the only ones, the vigi ones are nice offering independent programming of delay and threshold. However the price reflects this

    This will result in a design that trips promptly even on genset, and also that does not catch fire with excessive fault currents when on mains.

    Miike