Solar Frame Bonding Question

I have been asked to design a 250Kw solar system with ground mounted frame work and would like to put this out to the forum for feed back.

The DNO TN-S 400A supply point sw room is 200m away from the proposed solar inverter location which is within a GRP walk in enclosure. The ground mount PV system is going to be a further 50m away from the inverter location and there is no public access to this location only skilled maintenance staff.

My idea is to run a sub main to the inverter sw room and create an isolated TT earthing arrangement at this point, not exporting the earth from the main building. At the inverter room location install an earth rod for the remote isolated TT system and equipotentially bond all sw gear and solar frame ground mount metal work at this point all protected by earth leakage devices , one per inverter, and the main sub mains will also be protected at source by earth leakage device.

Please can I have some thoughts on this methodology thanks.

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  • I suggest you grab the IET Code of Practice if you've not already got it, which specifically discusses this.

    Why are you creating a TT?

    If creating a TT, don't forget the inverter leakage current will be significant which will affect RCD trip current and device type.

  • Many thanks for your response and I have the COP so happy to adhere to those guidelines in respect to array bonding.

    I was trying to alleviate leakage current back to the site providers installation hence the remote TT and I know the ramifications this has with the selection of earth leakage devices.

    Appreciate your input, thanks Jam.

  • I was trying to alleviate leakage current back to the site providers installation hence the remote TT

    The issue is, the 'leakage' will have to go somewhere. If you don't send it back through a low resistance path, it can corrode the frame stanchions ... and possibly  increase AC leakage currents and harmonics, especially with non-separated inverters. You will almost certainly see currents flowing through the soil trying to make their way back to the transformer neutral.

    Secondly, there are also AC protective conductor currents to deal with. If they don't have  low impedance paths back to the transformer, they will possibly again appear as harmonics.

    Most inverters perform best from a harmonic perspective (and leakage current perspective) if they are in a TN system (often TN-S to reduce circulating soil currents).

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  • I was trying to alleviate leakage current back to the site providers installation hence the remote TT

    The issue is, the 'leakage' will have to go somewhere. If you don't send it back through a low resistance path, it can corrode the frame stanchions ... and possibly  increase AC leakage currents and harmonics, especially with non-separated inverters. You will almost certainly see currents flowing through the soil trying to make their way back to the transformer neutral.

    Secondly, there are also AC protective conductor currents to deal with. If they don't have  low impedance paths back to the transformer, they will possibly again appear as harmonics.

    Most inverters perform best from a harmonic perspective (and leakage current perspective) if they are in a TN system (often TN-S to reduce circulating soil currents).

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  • Hi Graham,

    Many thanks for this in depth response and I will now change my system design approach based on your summary. This is why I became a member of the IET to allow me to tap into the years of experience of it's members, once again this has been very helpful.

    Rgds, Bill

  • If you don't send it back through a low resistance path, it can corrode the frame stanchions

    Side note: On the expecation that you're using glav steel framework, I would recommend bituminous paint on any exposed bonding connections and try to make them in a relatively dry part of the structure, otherwise bimetallic corrosion, accelerated by the leakage current, will make a mess over time.

  • Many thanks again, the frame work is going to be aluminium I believe but still to see the detail of that however I will make sure that all these bonds are well protected for sure, much appreciated.