Multiple AFDD’s tripping.

Hi all, I wonder if anyone can shed some light on an arc-fault-finding issue?

Installation details:

Large domestic property with a 42-way DB, a large Loxone (home automation) panel with it’s own 24V battery backup. Uniti Power Usymphony SPY300 provides UPS for two circuits (WI-FI & Medical equipment). Install with no issues since May 2023. A Riello SDH 3000 Sentinel Dual 3000VA is providing UPS to a home lift circuit that was added over a month ago.

Eleven Contactum 32A AFDDs are installed on all socket outlet circuits. RCBO’s on all other circuits

The property is located close to a small/medium-sized retail park.

The Problem:

The homeowner called on Monday this week to say that the kitchen electrics had tripped out. She then followed up with messages to say that the annexe kitchen had tripped, then the loft and then the bedroom sockets. All had tripped when appliances were operated. Sometimes a washing machine, toaster, kettle hover, etc. In all, four AFDD circuits tripping randomly.

Fault finding:

The kitchen AFDD stays up, but when I put on the kettle and the toaster the AFDD trips. If the fridge and toaster are on, the AFDD trips.  With the UPS systems removed, it still happens.

I removed both UPS systems before testing.

I tested the kitchen circuit; it was solid, with no issues. Earth leakage at the incomer was 23.55mA; on the kitchen circuit, it was 3.4mA with appliances on standby. I tested all the kitchen appliances under load, and the total leakage was approximately 3 mA. I ramp-tested the AFDD—23mA. I moved the appliances around the property and could see that they were not the problem. So, it was definitely an arc issue. Also, the LED status indicated an arc trip. Continuity tests confirmed no loose connections.

With all other circuits off. I cannot get the kitchen AFDD to trip.

Cause:

I spoke with Contactum technical, who were really helpful, but we couldn’t determine what was tripping the arc device.  Spoke to the NICEIC – they could not provide any support.

The fact that it has been in place for over a year with no issue, could it be a quality of supply issue from Nathoin Gird? The property has had a number of mini power cuts in the past – hence the UPS going in.

Any suggestions?

 

Thanks in advance. :-)

  • power line comms, while an abomination that should never have been allowed, from an EMC perspective, normally only puts signals between the L-N pair, and at fairly low levels compared to other line transients.

    Kit that complies to one of the common standards TIA-1113 (HomePlug 1.0), IEEE 1901 and. ITU-T G.hn (G.9960–G.9964)  should only be injecting signals at the level of 1.5 to 2V RMS when loaded to 100 ohms,

    like this chip, the JSL1571 for example..

    To be honest if the AFDD designers did not consider inter-operation with systems like this then they have dropped another clanger..

    M,

  • To be honest if the AFDD designers did not consider inter-operation with systems like this then they have dropped another clanger..

    It was only a question - and a note that it's been questioned in the US, where they have emissions requirements for EMC, but not immunity.

    So, it may have been considered ?

    BUT ... another consideration is that the powerline comms set isn't itself may not be conformant to EMC requirements, or has a fault. That isn't the fault of the AFDD manufacturers?

    I won't ask what the other "clangers" are considered to be.

  • Update.

    Thanks for all the replies.Very useful. 

    I had eleven AFDDs in the board. I replaced three with RCBOs.

    Now, other AFDDs are randomly tripping, but the RCBOs are not.

    I have returned and checked all the connections back to the meter, tightening them to the required torque settings. I also took a picture of the board. You can see the heat in the AFDDs; they’re not hot but hotter than the RCBOs—this may or may not be an issue; I don’t know. They seem hotter when grouped together.

    I could replace all the AFDDs with RCBOs, but I could be masking a potential fault.

    I’m waiting for a reply from the manufacturer on Monday. I’ll then contact the DNO.

  • I had a similar problem - also with Contactum.  Tackling AFDD Tripping 

    In the end I removed them and put in standard RCBOs.

  • Looking at that picture, I'm wondering how many watts those AFDDs are using internally? I dont think it would be the current flow through them causing the heat build up, as the other breakers would be of a similar colour.

    What temperature is the brightest yellow?

  • It's not very hot. The image at the top left says 23 degrees. The microprocessor is likely generating the heat.

  • I had a quick scan. It seems that you have had pretty much the same issue – with the same outcome – I’m going back tomorrow to replace the remaining eight AFDDs with RCBOs.

    I’m sure the installation is sound. This means I have an unreliable product tripping because it thinks there’s an ARC fault when there’s not, or there’s an upstream issue causing the devices to trip. I don’t think it’s the former, as it would be highly unlikely for eleven devices to become faulty at the same time. So, it could be the latter, and I have no control over that; I can't test it or prove it.

    If an AFDD can trip due to upstream issues or reading noise on the system as an arc when it’s not, then doesn’t that make the device inherently unreliable? Considering that they are mandated for high-risk properties, doesn’t that then make them potentially… I don’t want to say ‘dangerous’; perhaps ‘risky’?

     As I’ve experienced a fault I can’t trace on a device I can’t test, I won't be recommending them in the future. 120.3 allows for departure, but not sure me stating, “ I had a bad experience with AFDDs once” qualifies JoyJoy

  • Whoopsie! Time to hit the backspace on my departure box, was hoping to get away with Not installed due to engX forum critics.

  • Joy

    On a serious note, how reliable are these devices in UK conditions? Has anyone carried out a survey/report/study on this? Does anyone install these on mass? Can they provide any feedback on reliability?

  • We have just had a visit from an American friend and were discussing all sorts of technical things. He said that the Arc Fault Detection Devices were causing all sorts of problems.

    The usual types of well pumps and air conditioners which have contactors trip the AFDDs due to contact arcing so now everyone has to install inverter fed systems. This has resulted in major harmonic problems in the power supply system. I guess that this isn’t helped by the widely spaced properties and long overhead lines.