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California bans the sale of petrol-powered vehicles from 2035

California has taken a "historic" step in the path towards tackling carbon emissions from automation and phasing out the sale of gasoline cars over the next 13 years in America’s largest auto market. The rules issued by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) establish a clear roadmap to accelerate the introduction to the market of cleaner vehicles. The ban on petrol cars is expected to apply to 35 per cent of sales by 2026, 68 per cent by 2030 and finally reach 100 per cent in 2035. The announcement comes after California's Governor Gavin Newsom set a target in 2020 to speed up the shift away from fossil fuels, and it has been considered as one of the world’s most stringent pieces of regulation for transitioning to electric vehicles. If successful, the new policy would allow California…

E+T Magazine in Climate Change
Summer STEM Challenge: Solar Spray Schooners

It’s a sunny day at the seaside. A high-powered jet ski whizzes across the sea, a jet of water shooting high into the air behind it, pushing it along. WRONG! That jet of water is NOT what makes jet skis go. They need a lot more power than that little spray. (Underneath they have a high-speed prop or a much more powerful underwater water jet.) That small jet of water – the ‘visibility spout’ or ‘rooster tail’ is mostly just to look cool, although it makes the jet ski more visible, and useful for a small craft. But you can actually power a boat – or jet ski – with a big enough spray of water into the air. Here’s how… You’ll need a boat hull 40cm or more long, the longer the better, something that can be loaded up with 1,000g without water above its Plimsoll line. You’ll also need a solar…

E+T Magazine in STEM Education and Skills
Hands-on review: Zhiyun Weebill 3 professional DSLR camera gimbal

Like the changing of the seasons, you can almost set your calendar by Zhiyun's gimbal updates. We previously reviewed the first two iterations of the Chinese firm's Weebill gimbal range. It's been one a year, every year, like clockwork. Sure enough, summer 2022 has arrived and here's the Weebill 3, right on time. What's new with you, Weebill fella? Let's get this out of the way first: the price is a little higher than Weebill 2, although actually not by much - and the extras (especially with the Combo kit) help assuage and offset that increase in cost. We're only talking £20-30 more this time around for either version. That's fair. It's certainly nothing like the hike in our energy bills, that's for sure. As for the gimbal itself, the headline features this time around are the new 'Sling…

E+T Magazine
Nasa rover collects Martian rock samples eroded by water for return to Earth

Perseverance first landed on Mars in February 2021 after a gruelling seven-month, 293-million-mile journey from Earth. Its multi-year mission is to scour the planet’s surface for signs of ancient microbial life with the ultimate goal of returning samples back to Earth and potentially pave the way for future human visitors. The latest rock samples come from the floor of the Jezero crater, where Perseverance currently resides, which was chosen as the study site because it sports a large river delta that once flowed into an ancient lake. Scientists believe that a watery Mars could have supported life billions of years ago. “These kinds of environments on Earth are places where life thrives. The goal of exploring the Jezero delta and crater is to look in these once-habitable environments for…

E+T Magazine in Space
Scientists develop squashable computer

Ryan Harne at Pennsylvania State University and his colleague have developed a type of soft cube-shaped computer that responds to being squeezed. The computers were built by combining rows of blocks of rubber that have lines of a silver-rubber compound running through them. Different configurations of the blocks act like different circuits, which when combined and connected to electricity allow the device to perform mathematical calculations. The scientists hope these devices could be used for robots that respond to physical stimuli. One version of the computer was set up to add together two numbers. A user would tell the computer which numbers to add by squishing the component blocks to the left or to the right, connecting some of the silver-rubber lines that didn’t touch before in…

E+T Magazine in Research and Innovation
UK imports zero fuel from Russia for the first month on record

Figures from the Office for National Statistics (ONS) show that by June the UK had already achieved its goal of phasing out Russian oil and natural gas imports. The plunge was driven by the sanctions imposed on Russia as a result of the invasion of Ukraine. Prior to the invasion, Russia was the UK’s largest supplier of refined oil, supplying 5.9 per cent of the UK’s crude oil imports and 4.9 per cent of gas imports, according to the ONS. Overall, Russia accounted for 24.1 per cent of all imports of refined oil. To compensate, the ONS said the UK had been compensating by increasing imports of refined oil from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the Netherlands and Belgium. “The economic sanctions applied by the UK government are likely to have driven the decreases in imports from and exports to…

E+T Magazine in Fossil Fuels
Ofgem needs more powers to save businesses amid energy crisis, BCC says

In a letter addressed to the Prime Minister, Chancellor of the Exchequer and both leadership candidates for the Conservative party, the body called for extra support for both businesses and households as the UK sits on the brink of a recession. BCC research has shown that over the last 18 months, businesses have faced “unprecedented inflationary pressures”, with two thirds of firms in Q2 2022 expecting further price rises. Energy bills, raw materials, and labour costs are all cited as the top drivers of price rises. The study also found a reduction in the percentage of firms expecting to grow in the next twelve months, from 63 per cent in Q1 to 54 per cent in Q2. In January, some 23 per cent of businesses surveyed were looking to scale down or even consider closure in response to rising…

E+T Magazine
Sponsored: How to choose the right IT rack to support digital transformation efforts

IDC forecasts that direct digital transformation (DX) investment growth between 2022-2024 will hit $6.3 trillion – equating to 55% of all ICT investment by the end of 2024. Data centres are the very heart of the digital economy and their infrastructure, especially within micro data centres and edge computing environments, is often the basis of digital transformation efforts. However, these efforts differ from one business to the next and the mission-critical architecture that underpins these transformative projects can be the very difference between success and failure. Often overlooked as one of the most basic IT requirements, rack systems provide foundational infrastructure on which this scalable architecture is built. In fact, rack systems provide the building blocks of many businesses…

E+T Magazine in Computing
Japan considers developing new nuclear reactors in major policy shift

Eleven years after the triple meltdown at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, Japan is considering a sharp U-turn on its nuclear strategy. In a surprise statement, Kishida revealed he had directed a government panel to look into how “next-generation nuclear reactors equipped with new safety mechanisms” could be used to help Japan achieve its goal of carbon neutrality by 2050. The panel's conclusions are expected to be published at the end of the year. The plan is effectively a total reversal of the nuclear safety measures the country imposed after a powerful tsunami destroyed Fukushima Daiichi’s backup electricity supply, causing three of its six reactors to suffer meltdowns . In order to prevent a similar disaster from repeating itself, Japanese authorities shut all existing…

E+T Magazine in Nuclear Power
PPE could be recycled to make stronger concrete

The team of engineers, from RMIT's School of Engineering, is investigating the feasibility of recycling three key types of PPE - isolation gowns, face masks and rubber gloves - into concrete. Published in the journals 'Case Studies in Construction Materials', 'Science of the Total Environment' and 'Journal of Cleaner Production', the three studies demonstrate the potential for PPE to be used as reinforcement materials in structural concrete. The studies found shredded PPE could increase the strength of concrete by up to 22 per cent and improve resistance to cracking. Industry partner Casafico Pty Ltd is now planning to use the research findings in a field project. Since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, an estimated 54,000 tonnes of PPE waste has been produced on average globally each…

E+T Magazine in Recycling
Rise in UK vehicle production suggests global chip shortage could be easing

According to the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders (SMMT), production was up 8.6 per cent to 58,043 units compared to the same time last year. In 2021, the UK car industry saw the worst output for the month of July since 1956 as the sector struggled with ongoing staff shortages associated with the ‘pingdemic’ alongside strained supplies of semiconductors. The chip shortage forced Ford, Jaguar Land Rover, Volkswagen, General Motors, Nissan, Daimler, BMW, Renault and Toyota to shut factories, scale back production or exclude high-end features such as integrated satellite navigation systems, which rely on sophisticated semiconductor technology. US commerce secretary Gina Raimondo recently warned that the global semiconductor crisis is expected to last through 2023 and perhaps longer…

E+T Magazine in Automotive Engineering
View from India: New fuel efficiency rules help in drive towards greener transport

The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has issued an official statement to the media that prior to this notification, compliance with annual fuel consumption standard was applicable to vehicles of M1 category (motor vehicle used for carriage of passengers, comprising not more than eight seats, in addition to the driver's seat) with gross vehicle weight (GVW) up to 3.5 tonnes. With the amendment, the intent is to expand the ambit of vehicles for compliance with FCS, and therefore introduce more fuel-efficient vehicles. In one move towards green transport, the Bharat Stage (BS) VI standards on emissions have have applied to new motor vehicles since 2020. This could take care of vehicular toxic emissions. And now, fuel efficiency is another dimension that could be addressed. Ah…

E+T Magazine in Automotive Engineering
Book review: ‘Tomorrow’s Parties: Life in the Anthropocene’

‘Tomorrow’s Parties: Life in the Anthropocene’ (The MIT Press, £15.99, ISBN: 9780262544436) is the latest in the 'Twelve Tomorrows' series, an annual anthology of sci-fi short stories published in partnership with MIT Technology Review that explores the application and impact of emerging technologies in our future. This instalment has a noble aim: to use fiction to examine visions of life in a world reshaped by climate change and other forces, while avoiding hopepunk or ‘material for doomscrolling’. Instead, it takes the welcome approach of ‘rational optimism’. Editor Jonathan Strahan has brought together high-calibre contributors. The writers (who span many continents) include Hugo Award winners, plus a Philip K. Dick Award winner, and the collection opens with an interview with science…

E+T Magazine
Germany inaugurates world's first all-hydrogen rail line

Germany's inauguration of a railway line powered entirely by hydrogen has been hailed as a “world premiere” and a significant step forward for green train transport. The fleet, which cost £93m (£78m), is expected to prevent 4,400 tonnes of CO2 from being released into the atmosphere each year, according to regional rail operator LNVG. The trains were provided by French industrial giant Alstom and are described as a "zero emission" mode of transport. Each of the trains has been fitted with a fuel cell, installed on its roof, which allows them to mix hydrogen on board with oxygen present in the ambient air, producing the electricity needed to pull the train. Other partners in the project are the Elbe-Weser railways and transport company (evb) and the gas and engineering company Linde,…

E+T Magazine in Renewable Energy
England will receive 1,000 new EV chargepoints with £20m scheme

The UK is badly in need of improved infrastructure for EVs. A study from last year found that installations needs to be ramped up by five times the current rate if the plan to phase out petrol and diesel vehicles by 2030 is to be achieved. https://eandt.theiet.org/content/articles/2021/02/five-fold-increase-in-ev-charging-point-installations-needed-by-2030-expers-say/ Freedom of Information requests sent to local UK councils found that 52 per cent spent nothing on chargepoints in 2021 despite booming EV sales. The DfT’s Local EV Infrastructure (LEVI) pilot scheme will see local authorities and industry working together to create new, commercial EV charging infrastructure for residents, from faster on-street chargepoints to larger petrol station-style charging hubs. It is the first tranche…

E+T Magazine
UK and Ukraine negotiate ‘landmark’ digital trade deal

The UK and Ukraine have kicked off talks on a digital trade agreement, aimed at providing support for “Ukrainian jobs, livelihoods, and families” following Russia’s invasion. The digital trade agreement is expected to support Ukrainian businesses by cutting red tape and helping them to trade with the UK more efficiently, as well as make it easier for UK companies to work with Ukrainian businesses and support their economic recovery. The announcement was made today (Wednesday August 24) - a symbolic date that acknowledges both the 21st anniversary of Ukraine's independence from the Soviet Union, as well as marking six months since Russian military forces invaded Ukraine on February 24 2022. The negotiations began yesterday (Tuesday), when international trade secretary Anne-Marie Trevelyan…

E+T Magazine
Nasa develops laser designed to detect water on the Moon

Previous experiments have confirmed the existence of small amounts of water across the Moon, although most technologies cannot distinguish between water, free hydrogen ions and hydroxyl. An instrument known as a heterodyne spectrometer could zoom in on particular frequencies to definitively identify and locate water sources on the Moon. It requires a stable, high-powered, terahertz laser - which is also small enough to take on space missions - and this has now been prototyped by Nasa. “This laser allows us to open a new window to study this frequency spectrum,” said Dr Berhanu Bulcha, an engineer at Nasa’s Goddard Space Flight Center. “Other missions found hydration on the Moon, but that could indicate hydroxyl or water. If it’s water, where did it come from? Is it indigenous to the formation…

E+T Magazine in Space
Sponsored: Scale deployment of sustainable, resilient data centres at the network edge

Deploying distributed network edge data centres at scale has unique challenges related to power and cooling, remote management, environmental impact and cybersecurity, due to a wide variety of locations and environments. Data centre owners and operators must elevate sustainability from a concern, to a core value to minimise energy use, GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions, and waste. These data centres must also be designed to meet resiliency and performance targets. This white paper looks at best practices to deploy sustainable and resilient data centres at scale at the network edge. Key Learning Points: What is the network edge? How the telco cloud and IT cloud architectures will converge into a single and complementary architecture. Different distributed local edge data centres that…

E+T Magazine in Medical Diagnostics
Chinese province plans ban on sale of petrol and diesel cars

China is the world's leading market for electric vehicles, accounting for approximately 46 per cent of the global fleet, according to data from June this year, when 10 million highway-legal plug-in passenger cars were on Chinese roads. The ruling Communist Party is promoting electric cars to help clean up China’s smog-choked cities and gain an early lead in a growing industry. The Hainan provincial government declared that sales of fossil fuel-powered cars will be banned on the island by 2030 and that electric vehicles will be promoted with tax breaks and by expanding the charging network, as described in its 'Carbon Peak Implementation Plan'. “By 2030, the whole province will ban sales of fuelled vehicles,” according to the plan, which goes on to state that Hainan aims to have electric…

E+T Magazine in Climate Change
UK businesses to delay net zero transition as energy bills soar

In a survey of businesses, 69 per cent said they expected their energy costs to increase in the next three months, with almost a third anticipating rises of more than 30 per cent. Firms are doing their best to absorb higher bills, with around a third saying they do not expect to pass on additional energy costs to consumers. But 30 per cent said that energy prices would be likely to negatively impact their current or planned investment in net zero measures. The CBI also warned that energy-intensive industries are already feeling the pinch and further energy price rises could push many viable businesses to the brink unless urgent action is taken to support them and their supply chains. The body called on the government to “urgently” introduce targeted interventions for the most vulnerable…

E+T Magazine in Business Planning
UK-built satellite to ‘weigh’ Earth's forests

The European Space Agency’s Biomass satellite, which is currently being assembled by prime contractor Airbus UK in its Stevenage space facility, will measure the carbon stored in the world’s forests Biomass is the first satellite to carry a fully polarimetric P-band radar. The radar has a 70cm wavelength that will allow it to go through the whole forest layer and map the trunks and branches hidden below, unlike previous missions. This will help scientists better assess the effects of deforestation on climate change more accurately, significantly reducing the uncertainty around current measures. The mission is expected to last five years, scanning the world’s forests every six months. People will be able to track the satellite as it orbits the Earth. Maria Cody, head of ESA policy at…

E+T Magazine in Space
Business needs should drive choice of building information software

A building information modelling (BIM) approach brings a multitude of different benefits to the built environment, from enhanced team communication to improved efficiency. However, to fully realise the potential of BIM, choosing the right software is essential. There’s much debate about what qualifies as true BIM software, and organisations are likely to find conflicting information when searching online. The reality is that BIM software in the literal sense does not exist. BIM can leverage any software, but it’s not software in itself. Additionally, there’s no silver bullet out there that gives companies the upper hand or is universally recommended by the BIM community. However, there is a vast range of software available that enables businesses in the built environment to generate, share…

E+T Magazine
Book review: ‘Volt Rush’ by Henry Sanderson

Throughout the 20th century, access to oil equalled power. This century, argues Financial Times journalist Henry Sanderson, what will matter is access to the finite raw materials that power our devices and, increasingly, our vehicles and homes. 'Volt Rush: The Winners and Losers in the Race to Go Green’ (OneWorld, £20.00, ISBN 9780861543755) examines this new gold rush. For many, ‘mining’ is evocative of a grimier, poorer, polluting past. However, we are mining more minerals now than at any time in history, and this can only increase as the world phases out fossil fuels and builds new clean energy infrastructure. “Despite talk of artificial intelligence, the internet of things, and an imminent takeover by robots, our societies have in many ways not moved on from the practices of the past…

E+T Magazine in Sustainable Development
British Airways’ San Francisco flights to use sustainable aviation fuel from 2025

Renewable fuels company Aemetis has announced a multi-year agreement with International Airlines Group (IAG), which owns BA and Irish carrier Aer Lingus. The agreement follows experimental usage of the fuels by BA last year, which sourced SAF to cover the requirements for all its flights between London, Glasgow and Edinburgh during the COP26 climate conference in October. SAFs are typically derived by combining jet fuel with alternatives such as bio-fuels or recycled oils from industrial food facilities. IAG will purchase a total of 78,400 tonnes of SAF over seven years, enough to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 248,000 tonnes across the same time period. Eric McAfee, chairman and CEO of Aemetis, said: “Sustainable aviation fuel continues to be shown to be a great solution to decarbonise…

E+T Magazine in Business Planning

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