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Extraneous conductive parts

Former Community Member
Former Community Member
Hello,


Thinking about a domestic dwelling with main bonding to incoming water and gas pipes (even though most are plastic nowadays); all the electrical circuits within the dwelling are protected by RCDs; the only extraneous conductive parts to the bathroom being copper water pipes and copper central heating pipes... Why would the copper pipes need to be main bonded one to another close to the bathroom (in an accessible place for testing, like in an airing cupboard)?


Designing an installation which uses the cold water pipe in place of a main bonding cable (having a cross-sectional area which is greater, after all), why would any of the other three pipes need to be main bonded to that cold water pipe, when all of the pipes connect at the boiler any how?! Yes, if you were to cut all of the pipes and to replace them with plastic pipes then you risk introducing an electrical potential into the bathroom should a fault occur, but wouldn’t anyone doing that plumbing be obliged to consider this risk at that time? 


Otherwise, there is no point considering the use of copper pipes to replace main bonding cables. In which case, it would be necessary to bond the pipes one to another just outside the bathroom and run the cable all of the way back to the consumer unit.


I must excuse myself for being indolent and not referring directly to the wiring regulations, which is from where these ideas stem.
Parents
  • Consider a class 1 appliance in the bathroom that is not connected to the plumbing., perhaps a towel rail or a fan heater.

    It is perhaps possible that this develops a live to earth fault. Let us consider 2 cases, one where there is a direct live to case fault, and the second where  a fault occurs part way along the element to the case of the equipment.


    In the first case, the voltage of the supply is divided between the live conductors and the return path - without bonding this is the live core of the twin and earth that supplies it and the CPC.

    Until the fuse or breaker operates, the case may then reach some intermediate voltage -normally not enough to hurt a healthy person dry, making a moderately good contact, more of a painful belt and a surprise. But wet handed, and well earthed the shock current will be higher and the survival time shorter.

    Altering the potential division between the return path and the fault by local bonding to the plumbing, means the person with a hand on the taps and leaning on the faulty appliance  receives a much weaker shock.


     Near instant tripping RCDs do mean this is not as important as it is in older installations without one. - the shock current is high, but the RCD is faster than the old hot wire fuse.

    For the second sort of fault, the increase in current may not be enough to fire an MCB or blow a fuse, but the RCD will still catch it.

    Arguably you do best when you have both methods in place.

Reply
  • Consider a class 1 appliance in the bathroom that is not connected to the plumbing., perhaps a towel rail or a fan heater.

    It is perhaps possible that this develops a live to earth fault. Let us consider 2 cases, one where there is a direct live to case fault, and the second where  a fault occurs part way along the element to the case of the equipment.


    In the first case, the voltage of the supply is divided between the live conductors and the return path - without bonding this is the live core of the twin and earth that supplies it and the CPC.

    Until the fuse or breaker operates, the case may then reach some intermediate voltage -normally not enough to hurt a healthy person dry, making a moderately good contact, more of a painful belt and a surprise. But wet handed, and well earthed the shock current will be higher and the survival time shorter.

    Altering the potential division between the return path and the fault by local bonding to the plumbing, means the person with a hand on the taps and leaning on the faulty appliance  receives a much weaker shock.


     Near instant tripping RCDs do mean this is not as important as it is in older installations without one. - the shock current is high, but the RCD is faster than the old hot wire fuse.

    For the second sort of fault, the increase in current may not be enough to fire an MCB or blow a fuse, but the RCD will still catch it.

    Arguably you do best when you have both methods in place.

Children
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